Miners apply the screws

Australia’s vice-like grip on global iron ore and coal prices is threatened by rising production costs and looming oversupply.

In the rarefied world of bulk commodities, where traders deal in quirky products like pork bellies, milk powder and gold, it can take years to change the way goods are bought and sold. Tradition is important in a market that has its roots in the early 1800s, and inno­vation doesn't happen overnight. Yet, ear­lier this year, the world's three largest producers of iron ore and coking coal suc­ceeded in their plot to dump a decades-old annual contract-pricing system in fa­vour of a quarterly spot market. The switch was achieved in a matter of months and there is already talk of daily spot trading on the horizon.

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